猕猴桃籽油萃取工艺探究及挥发性组分分析

Study on Extraction Technology of kiwifruit Seed Oil and analysis of Volatile Components

采取超临界CO_(2)萃取(SCF)对猕猴桃籽油进行萃取,在对SCF萃取时间、压力、温度进行单因素试验基础上,找出影响得率较大的三个因素,再设计正交试验从而优化萃取条件。结果表明:SCF最佳萃取工艺条件为温度45℃、压力30 MPa、时间90 min。此条件下萃取率为28.6%。对猕猴桃籽油进行了挥发性组分分析,主要组分为亚麻酸乙酯(51.66%)、亚油酸乙酯(35.65%)、四氢二环戊二烯(1.57%)、顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸甲酯(1.2%)、反,反-2,4-癸二烯醛(1.19%)和棕榈酸(1.13%)。分别使用SCF与超声波溶剂萃取法萃取猕猴桃籽油,并进行过氧化值、酸价等理化特性测定以及萃取率的对比,SCF的萃取率为28.6%大于超声波溶剂萃取法的萃取率27.5%,SCF萃取的猕猴桃籽油过氧化值8.5 meq/kg、酸价3.2 mg(KOH)/g,均小于超声波法萃取的猕猴桃籽油,说明SCF萃取猕猴桃籽油具有一定的优势。

The supercritical CO_(2)extraction(SCF)was used to extract kiwifruit seed oil.On the basis of single factor test of SCF extraction time,pressure and temperature,We found out three factors affecting the yield of kiwifruit seed oil,we designed orthogonal test to optimize the extraction conditions.The results showed that the best extraction conditions of SCF were temperature 45℃,pressure 30 MPa and time 90min.Under these conditions,the extraction yield was 28.6%.Kiwi seed oil was analyzed for volatile components.The main components were Ethyl linolenate(51.66%),ethy llinoleate(35.65%),Octahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene(1.57%),11,14,17-Eicosatrienoicacid,methyl ester(1.2%),2,4-Decadiena l(1.19%)and Palmitic acid(1.13%).Kiwifruit seed oil was extracted by SCF and ultrasonic solvent extraction respectively,and the physicochemical properties such as peroxide value and acid value were measured and the extraction rate was compared.The extraction rate of SCF was 28.6%higher than that of ultrasonic solvent extraction method(27.5%).The peroxide value and acid value of kiwi seed oil extracted by SCF were 8.5meq/kg and 3.2mg(KOH)/g,both of which were lower than those extracted by ultrasonic method,indicating that SCF had certain advantages in kiwi seed oil extraction.