稻龟共生模式对稻田杂草及水稻害虫的影响

Effects of Rice-Tortoise Symbiosis Mode on Weeds and Rice Pests

为了研究稻龟共生模式对稻田杂草及水稻主要害虫、天敌的影响,以农香42为供试水稻品种,设置了稻龟共生(T1~T3)、常规栽培(T4)和空白对照(T5)处理;其中,稻龟共生处理又依据放龟数量分为120、160和200只/667m^(2)3个处理,常规栽培施用除草剂控制杂草,施用化学农药防控病虫害;稻龟共生处理和空白对照不施用除草剂和化学农药。结果表明:稻龟共生处理可有效控制稻田杂草,其杂草防效为73.64%~97.31%;并有利于稻田生态环境下害虫天敌的繁育,稻田中蜘蛛和黑肩绿盲蝽数量较常规栽培显著增加;同时可有效降低田间稻飞虱基数,与空白对照相比,稻飞虱数量减少了28.67%~87.95%。在稻龟共生模式处理中,以稻田放龟200只/667m^(2)效果最好,产量与常规栽培差异不显著。

In order to study the effects of rice-tortoise symbiosis mode on weeds,pests and natural enemies in paddy field,Nongxiang 42 was used as the tested rice variety,and the treatments of rice-tortoise symbiosis(T1-T3),conventional cultivation(T4)and blank control(T5)were set.Among them,the rice-tortoise symbiotic treatment was divided into three groups of 1800,2400 and 3000/hm^(2)according to the number of released tortoises.Herbicides were used to control weeds,and pesticides were used to control pests and diseases in conventional cultivation.Rice-tortoise symbiotic treatment and blank control did not apply herbicides and chemical pesticides.The results showed that the rice-tortoise symbiosis treatment could effectively control weeds in paddy field,and the weed control effect was 73.64%-97.31%.In addition,it was conducive to the breeding of natural enemies of pests,and the number of spiders and Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter in paddy field increased significantly compared with conventional cultivation.Compared with the blank control,the original number of rice planthopper decreased by 28.67%-87.95%.Among the three treatments in rice-tortoise symbiosis,the best effect was to put 3000 tortoises/hm^(2)in rice field,and the rice yield was not significantly different from that of conventional cultivation.