不同药剂防治水稻稻瘟病田间药效试验

Field Efficacy Trials of Different Fungicides Against Rice Blast

为了筛选防治水稻稻瘟病的高效安全药剂,明确不同杀菌剂对水稻稻瘟病的防治效果及对水稻的安全性,选用生产上常用的8种杀菌剂进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:供试的8种杀菌剂对水稻稻瘟病均具有一定的防治效果,其中以30%肟菌·戊唑醇悬浮剂40 mL/667m^(2)(处理3)和10%嘧菌酯微囊悬浮剂70 mL/667m^(2)(处理2)的防治效果最好,其末次药后14 d的防效分别达84.2%和83.6%,保产率分别为13.0%和12.1%,在生产上具有良好的推广应用前景;6%春雷霉素水剂(处理7)和1000亿孢子/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂(处理8)这2种生物农药对水稻稻瘟病的防治效果虽然低于其他药剂,但其末次药后14 d的防效也分别达65.7%和72.8%,保产率也分别达6.2%和7.8%,在生产上建议将这2种生物农药与其他药剂交替使用,以延缓稻瘟病菌的抗药性。

In order to screen highly effective and safe fungicides for the control of rice blast,the control effects of eight kinds of fungicides on rice blast and their safety were determined in a field experiment.Results showed that the eight fungicides had certain control effects on rice blast.In particular,the control effects of trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole 30%SC(dosage:600 mL/hm^(2))and azoxystrobin 10%CS(dosage:1050 mL/hm^(2))on rice blast were the best;14 days after the last usage,their control effects were 84.2%and 83.6%,respectively,contributing a yield increase of 13.0%and 12.1%,with a good potential in production.Although two kinds of biochemicals,namely kasugamycin 6%AS(dosage:525 mL/hm^(2))and Bacillus subtilis 100 billion spores/g WP(dosage:525 g/hm^(2))were weaker than the other fungicides in controlling rice blast,their control efficacy reached 65.7%and 72.8%,respectively 14 days after the last usage,with a respective yield increase of 6.2%and 7.8%;thus they are recommended alternate use with other reagents to slow down the resistance of Magnaporthe grisea.