基于影视人类学视角的音乐影像志理论与方法研究

Research on the Theory and Method of Musical Visual Ethnography Based on the Perspective of Visual Anthropology

音乐影像志,是指以动态影像摄录、剪辑等方式,对音乐领域相关事象进行民族志(或称文化志)记录与表述,建构有关音乐本体及其社会语境的深描式影音文本。以人类学理论方法为依托的音乐影像志能够强化社会语境,提供主体表达或主位发声的地方性知识,建构整体性的音乐文化叙事,促进民族音乐的跨文化交流。人类学强调音乐影像志在传统民族民间音乐延续、社会认同、文化传承与变迁等生活领域的重要意义,反对影像记录与创作中的“东方主义”。民族音乐学及其音乐影像志应与人类学同道,成为一门“在野与守望”的人文主义学科,提倡外来者与原住民之间在学术生产领域的合作与分享,守护人类的音乐文化多样性与文明延续性。

Musical visual ethnography is an ethnographic(or cultural) recording and representation of events in the field of music by means of moving image filming and editing,constructing a thick description of audio-visual text on music itself and its social context.Based on the theoretical approach of anthropology,musical visual ethnography can reinforce social context,provide local knowledge of the emic expression or emic vocalization,construct holistic musical and cultural narration,and promote cross-cultural communication of ethnic music.Anthropology emphasizes the importance of musical visual ethnography in the field of the continuation of traditional folk music,social identity,cultural transmission and change,and it opposes “Orientalism” in video recording and creation.Ethnomusicology and its musical visual ethnography should be formed as a humanist discipline of “In the Wildness and Keep Watch”,in the same way as anthropology,thus promoting cooperation and sharing between outsiders and indigenous people in the field of academic production and safeguarding musical and cultural diversity and civilizational continuity of humanity.