电子鼻和GC-MS结合化学计量学应用于高香红茶与传统工夫红茶香气特征的研究

Analysis of E-nose and GC-MS Combined with Chemometrics Applied to the Aroma Characteristics of High Aroma Black Tea and Traditional Congou Black Tea

为探究高香红茶与传统工夫红茶香气差异,采用电子鼻和GC-MS技术研究了高香红茶与传统工夫红茶香气品质差异的关键因素。结果表明:高香红茶以花香为主,传统工夫红茶香气呈现甜香。GC-MS在两种红茶中检测出78种挥发性物质,其中氧化芳樟醇、芳樟醇、水杨酸甲酯、正戊醇、2-环丙基乙醇、香芹醇、β-环柠檬醛、2-乙基呋喃、对薄荷-1,3,8-三烯和1,4-戊二烯等是区分不同风味红茶的重要香气成分。传统工夫红茶的电子鼻检测响应值总和明显高于高香红茶,通过多元统计分析可选出S6、S10电极信号用于鉴别不同风味红茶,并预测1,4-戊二烯是鉴别不同风味红茶的重要挥发性物质。研究结果明确了高香红茶的香气组成特征及其与传统工夫红茶香气特征的区分,为不同风味红茶的进一步分类提供理论依据。

To investigate the difference in aroma between high aroma black tea and traditional congou black tea, electronic nose and GC-MS were used to investigate the key factors that differentiated the aroma quality of high aroma black tea from traditional congou black tea. The results showed that the high aroma black tea had a predominantly floral aroma, while the traditional congou black tea aroma presented a sweet aroma. GC-MS detected 78 volatile substances in the two black teas,among which linalool oxide, linalool, methyl salicylate, pentanol, 2-cyclopropylethanol,(-)-carveol, β-cyclocitral, 2-ethylfuran, 1,3,8-menthatrien and 1,4-pentadiene were important aroma components to distinguish the different flavours of black tea. The total of the response values of the electronic nose detection of traditional congou black tea was significantly higher than that of high aroma black tea. The multivariate statistical analysis allowed S6 and S10 electrode signals for the identification of different flavours of black tea, and predicted that 1,4-pentadiene was an important volatile substance for the identification of different flavours of black tea. The results confirmed the aroma composition characteristics of high fragrant black tea and distinguished it from traditional congou black tea, and would provide a theoretical basis for further classification of different flavor black tea.