“双减”政策下家长应该如何安排子女的课外活动?——一项课外时间分配对学生心理健康影响的实证分析

Parents’Allocation of Extra-curricular Activities under the“Double Reduction”Policy:An Empirical Analysis of the Influence of Extra-curricular Time Allocation on Students’Mental Health

“双减”政策的颁布呼吁家长对子女课外活动时间采取更加科学的分配方式。本文使用CEPS的数据,通过聚类分析,将学生分为长时间参与课外活动组和短时间参与课外活动组,分别进行回归分析,发现课外活动对学生心理健康的影响存在参与时间的异质性。这为家长合理安排子女周一到周五的课后活动提供了参考。具体而言,对于周一到周五写课外作业、读课外书、看电视、做家务或帮父母干活等活动,适当时长的参与会提升学生的心理健康水平,而过长时间的投入则会给学生的心理健康带来负面影响,因此家长应引导子女适度参与。对于周一到周五参加学科培训或上网玩游戏等活动,即便较短时间的参与也会给心理健康带来负面影响,家长应有意识地避免学生参与。在周一到周五安排课外体育锻炼对学生的心理健康无显著影响,家长可以引导学生有选择性地参与有组织、团体类、高质量的体育锻炼活动。

The“double reduction”policy calls for parents to adopt a more scientific approach to the allocation of extracurricular time to students.Using data from the China Education Panel Survey(CEPS),this paper uses cluster analysis to classify students into long-time and short-time extra-curricular activity groups,and regresses them separately.It was found that the influence of extracurricular activities on students’mental health is heterogeneous in regards to participation time.This provides a reference that parents can use to arrange their children’s extracurricular activities on weekdays in a reasonable fashion.Specifically,appropriate participation in activities on weekdays such as doing homework,reading extracurricular books,watching TV and helping parents do household chores are beneficial for students’mental health,while excessive engagement time will have a negative impact on students’psychological well-being;parents should therefore guide their children to participate in extracurricular activities in moderation.For activities such as attending subject training or playing games on the internet from Monday to Friday,even a relatively short period of participation can have a negative impact on mental health,and parents should be conscious of preventing participation in these activities during the weekdays.There is no significant impact on students’mental health from extra-curricular physical activity that takes place Monday to Friday,and parents can guide their students to participate in organized,groupbased,high-quality physical activity on a selective basis.