反“电诈”宣传方式、效果及改进研究

Research on Anti-fraud Publicity,Effect and Improvement Measures

我国电信网络诈骗犯罪呈高发、多发态势,刑事侦查等事后打击手段遇到“瓶颈”,反诈宣传和预警等事先防范措施的重要性凸显。以侦查实践总结出来的电信网络诈骗犯罪手法为内容,以反诈知识普及为宗旨,以不特定人群为对象的反诈宣传工作虽有一定效果,但仍存在改进空间。诈骗犯罪是典型的被害人促成型犯罪,预防此类犯罪的主要机理在于树立防止受害的意识而非掌握识别犯罪的知识,因此建议按被害人心理倾向对电诈犯罪进行分类并据此设计反诈宣传内容,同时将反诈宣传适度提前化,使相关内容进入中小学教材和课堂。

China’s telecom fraud cases are in high incidence,criminal investigation and other after-actionmeasures have encountered a bottleneck,and the importance of precautions such as anti-fraud publicity and early warning is highlighted.Focusing on the major criminal means employed in telecom fraud cases summed up in investigation practice,taking anti-fraud knowledge popularization as its purpose,and targeting all the people,anti-fraud publicity work has got some achievements,but there is still room for improvement.Fraud is a typical victim-facilitated crime.The main mechanism of preventing this kind of crime is to build up the consciousness of prevention rather than to master the knowledge of identifying such crime.Therefore,it is suggested that telecom fraud shall be classified according to the psychological tendency of victims and accordingly design the content of anti-fraud publicity.Meanwhile,the anti-fraud publicity shall be brought forward,so that relevant content can be included into textbooks or classrooms of primary and secondary schools.