标记单光子源在量子密钥分发中的应用

Overview of applications of heralded single photon source in quantum key distribution

本文主要介绍标记单光子源的制备、特性,及其在3种主流量子密钥分发(BB84,测量设备无关,双场)协议中的应用与发展,同时通过对比标记单光子源和基于弱相干态光源在同类协议中的性能,分析讨论不同光源的优缺点.此外,针对双场量子密钥分发协议中对单光子干涉特性的要求,分析了标记单光子源在双场协议应用中的局限性,并讨论了可能的解决方案,对今后发展实用化量子保密通信系统将起到有价值的指导和推进作用.

In this paper,we mainly introduce the preparation and physical properties of the heralded single-photon source,the development history and its applications in three typical quantum key distribution protocols,including BB84,measurement-device-independent and twin-field quantum key distribution protocols.Moreover,we make comparisons of the above quantum key distribution protocols between using heralded single-photon source and using weak coherent sources,and analyze their advantages and disadvantages.Besides,according to the characteristics of single-photon interference in twin-field quantum key distributions,the limitations of separately applying heralded single-photon sources to twin-field quantum key distributions are revealed,and possible solutions are discussed.Therefore,this work may provide valuable references and help for the practical implementation of quantum secure communication in the near future.