汕头市表层土壤铜元素来源及其健康风险评价

Source of cuprum in topsoil and its health risk assessment in Shantou of Guangdong Province

选取广东省汕头市研究区511个表层土壤样品(0-20 cm)进行铜元素分析,以此研究土壤铜元素的环境背景值和对人体造成的健康风险。利用均值离差、累积频率、正态分析、单因子法、富集指数法、相关性分析、主成分分析等手段,对研究区土壤中铜元素的地球化学背景、污染来源、污染程度及其可能产生的潜在风险进行了研究。结果显示:研究区表层土壤中铜元素含量的背景值为19.05 mg/kg;土壤表层铜元素的污染来源主要为金属冶炼、工矿业活动、城市生活等人类活动,其次为自然来源,但畜牧粪便、有机肥的施用和污水灌溉等农业来源也不可忽视;土壤中的铜元素的污染状况以无污染和轻微污染为主,少数地区是严重污染,不存在极重污染;土壤中的铜的富集程度为低度和中度富集水平,没有极度富集;通过对土壤环境健康风险的评价分析,发现铜元素是一种非致癌性污染物,对成人和儿童都存在潜在的非致癌风险。

In this paper,511 surface soil samples (0~20 cm) from Shantou city,Guangdong Province were selected for cuprum analysis,so as to study the environmental background value of soil cuprum and the health risk to human body.By means of mean deviation,accumulation frequency,normal analysis,single factor pollution index,enrichment factor EF,ground accumulation index,Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA),the geochemical background,pollution source,pollution degree,enrichment status and health risk of cuprum in soil in the study area were analyzed.The results show:The background value of cuprum content in topsoil is 19.05 mg/kg.The main sources of soil surface cuprum pollution are metal smelting,industrial and mining activities,urban life and other human activities,followed by natural sources,livestock manure,organic fertilizer application and sewage irrigation and other agricultural sources can not be ignored.The cuprum pollution in soil is mainly pollution-free and slightly polluted,and there is no extremely heavy pollution in a few areas.The enrichment degree of cuprum in soil is low and medium,but no extreme enrichment.Through the analysis of soil environmental health risk,it is found that cuprum is a non-carcinogenic pollutant,which has potential non-carcinogenic risk to both adults and children,but the risk to children is greater than that to adults.