乙烷和二氧化碳催化转化的研究进展

Research progress of the catalytic conversion of ethane and carbon dioxide

CO_(2)与乙烷反应是实现碳减排目标、利用非常规能源的重要手段,符合国家重大需求和国际学术前沿。其中,二氧化碳通过“活性氧”机理、“晶格氧”机理以及“反应耦合”机理促进乙烷的活化。通过催化剂设计选择性地断裂C—H/C—C键,可以实现反应定向地按照两条路径进行——乙烷干重整反应(DRE)和乙烷氧化脱氢(ODH)。综述了DRE和ODH两类反应的热力学、反应物活化机制和催化剂研究进展,分析了催化剂均存在产物选择性低、易烧结、积炭问题的主要影响因素以及催化剂设计和改进策略,并对该研究未来的发展方向进行展望。

The reaction of CO_(2) with ethane is an important means to achieve carbon emission reduction goals and utilize unconventional energy,which is in line with major national needs and international academic frontiers.Carbon dioxide promotes the activation of ethane through“active oxygen”mechanism,“lattice oxygen”mechanism and“reaction coupling”mechanism.Through catalyst design to selectively break the C—H/C—C bonding,the reaction can proceed in two directions,dry reforming of ethane(DRE)and oxidative dehydrogenation to ethylene(ODH).This work reviews the thermodynamics,reactants activation mechanism and catalyst research progress of these two routes,analyzing the principal factors that arise the problems of low product selectivity,sintering and carbon deposition,as well as the design and improvement strategy.At last,we look ahead to the development direction of this research field.