专业学位硕士规模扩张趋势及其对人力资本积累的影响——基于2009-2019年31省(市)数据的实证分析

The Expansion Trend of the Scale of Professional Masters and Its Influence on Human Capital Accumulation——An Empirical Analysis Based on Data from 31 Provinces(cities) from 2009 to 2019

基于2009-2019年专业学位硕士规模扩张数据,通过描述性统计、面板回归和门槛回归,探究专业学位硕士扩张特征以及扩张对省域人力资本积累的影响。研究发现,专业学位硕士招生增长的省域分布与其培养能力、经济发展水平和研究生学龄人口高度相关;行业需求驱动专业学位学科类型更加丰富多元,新兴应用型专业占比显著提升;不同类属的研究生培养单位专业学位硕士招生数量及结构分化明显;专业学位硕士规模扩张对地区人力资本积累产生显著促进效应,且专业学位硕士占硕士总规模的比例在62%左右效益最佳。未来发展趋势可以做如下谋划:硕士研究生规模扩大的增长点仍在专业学位,增长的主体力量是地方高校;大力增加重大公共民生、关键技术应用、现代社会服务等三大领域学科类别;以产教融合、产学合作等项目制驱动专业学位硕士培养与产业行业深度融合。

Based on the data of scale expansion of professional masters from 2009 to 2019,through descriptive statistics,panel regression and threshold regression,the study explores the expansion characteristics of professional masters and the impact of expansion on provincial human capital accumulation.The study found that the provincial distribution of the growth of professional master’s enrollment is highly correlated with its cultivation ability,economic development level and graduate school-age population;industry demand drives more diversified disciplines for master’s degree,and the proportion of emerging application-oriented majors has significantly increased;the number and structure of enrollment of professional masters in different postgraduate training units of different categories are obviously differentiated;the expansion of the scale of professional masters has a significant effect on the accumulation of human capital,and the best proportion of professional masters in the total number of masters is around 62%.The future development trend can be planned as follows:the growth point of master’s degree expansion is still in professional masters,and the main force of growth is in local universities;vigorously increase the 3 major discipline categories:the major of public livelihood,key technology application,and modern social services;the project system of industry-education integration,and industry-university cooperation drives the in-depth integration of professional master’s cultivation with industry.