共同富裕背景下城乡差距缩小了子代的职业收入差异吗

Does the Urban-Rural Gap Narrow the Offspring’s Occupational Earnings Difference under the Background of Common Prosperity

阶层合理有序流动和城乡区域协调发展是实现共同富裕的重要基础。以子代职业收入为指代,在将城乡差距纳入传统代际流动分析框架后,基于调查数据和结构方程模型,总体并分年代评估城乡差距对子代职业收入的影响效应与机制。研究发现,城乡之间的发展差距并未缩小子代的职业收入差异。一方面,教育资源的集聚效应加剧了优质高等教育机会获得的城乡不均等;另一方面,成长环境的累积效应拉大了优质高等教育结果的城乡差距。由此,弱势家庭子女面临代际绝对收入上升而代内相对收入下降的风险,实现共同富裕需以推动经济高质量发展为基点,以促进基本公共服务均等化为抓手,以缩小群体发展能力差距为核心。

Reasonable and orderly social mobility and coordinated development of urban and rural areas are the foundations to achieve common prosperity.Taking the occupational earnings of the offspring as a proxy and incorporating urban-rural gap into the traditional intergenerational mobility analysis framework,the effect and mechanism of urban-rural gap on offspring’s occupational earnings both overall and chronologically were evaluated based on the survey data and structural equation model.The study found that the sustaining urban-rural gap doesn’t narrow the occupational income gap of the offspring.Firstly,the agglomeration effect of educational resources has exacerbated the inequality of high-quality higher education opportunities between urban and rural areas.Secondly,the cumulative effect of the growth environment widens the disparity of higher education outcomes between the urban and rural areas.As a result,graduates from disadvantaged families face the risk that the absolute income rises intergenerationally but the relative income falls intragenerationally.Finally,to achieve common prosperity,we need to promote high-quality economic development and the equalization of basic public services,and narrow the gap in group development capabilities.