儿童抽动障碍的病因学研究进展

Progress on the etiology of tic disorders in children

抽动障碍是一组起病于儿童时期的神经精神疾病,患者往往因为突然、无目的、快速的肌肉收缩而出现眨眼、皱眉、耸肩、清嗓等不同形式的抽动症状,严重影响生活质量。然而抽动障碍的病因至今尚未明确,因此其治疗方案也以对症治疗为主。目前研究发现抽动障碍的发病与遗传、免疫、心理、环境等因素密切相关。该文就抽动障碍病因学研究结果进行综述,以期为抽动障碍的病因学研究提供新的思路和方向。

Tic disorders(TD)are a group of childhood-onset neuropsychiatric conditions.Due to sudden,aimless,rapid muscle contraction,patients with TD often have different forms of tic such as blinking,frown,shoulder shaking and voice clearing,which seriously affect their quality of life.However,the etiology of TD has not yet been clear,hence the aim of patients management is targeted to symptom relief until now.In fact,many studies have found that the pathogenesis of TD could be a combined effect of multiple factors,including genetic,immunological,psychological and environmental variables.Here,we reviews the results of recent studies on the etiology of TD,hoping to provide new ideas and directions for the etiological research on TD.