季节及环境因素对儿童OSAHS影响的研究进展

Progress on the influence of seasonal and environmental factors on OSAHS in children

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)是常见的危害儿童健康的疾病之一。OSAHS是一种以完全性或部分上呼吸道阻塞为特征的疾病,伴有血气变化和非典型睡眠模式。其发病率呈现上升趋势。OSAHS可以导致患儿出现身心、发育等异常,给儿童造成不良影响。引起儿童OSAHS的机制包括上气道阻力增加引起顺应性改变以及影响神经调控等因素,同时有研究表明,季节、环境因素对OSAHS的发病率、严重程度及睡眠结构有一定影响。该文就季节、环境因素对儿童OSAHS的影响作一综述。

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is one of the common diseases harmful to children′s health.OSAHS is a disease characterized by complete or partial obstruction of the upper respiratory tract,accompanied by blood gas changes and atypical sleep patterns.The incidence of OSAHS is on the rise.OSAHS can cause a series of physical,mental and developmental abnormalities in children,resulting in negative consequences for children.Common causes of OSAHS in children include mechanisms such as compliance changes caused by increased upper airway resistance and influence of neural regulation.Meanwhile,studies have shown that season、environmental factors have certain effects on the incidence and severity of OSAHS and sleep structure.This paper reviews the effects of season and environmental factors on children with OSAHS.