唐宋时期吴淞江上游河道的形成

The Formation of Upper Watercourse of Wusong River during Tang and Song Dynasties

魏晋至唐时期,吴淞江上游与中下游因水域形态之异存有概念之别,松江是上游,吴淞江是中下游。中唐以后,由于太湖东缘堤防渐成,淤积以零星形式发生于吴江大水面的边缘,吴淞江上游地貌和水系得以发生重大变化。随着宋代长堤的稳固,太湖出水形成北部径流与南部漫流。湖流向北集中,在吴淞江口形成的湍流有利于河槽的刷深,三江口的淤积与分水促成吴淞江上游河道雏形的形成。北部径流河道与南部漫流区域的圩田水网共同构成吴淞江的上游水系结构。唐宋时期吴淞江上游河道的形成过程即吴江地貌的塑造过程。

From Wei-Jin dynasties to Tang dynasty,there were different concepts about the basin of Wusong River due to the various aquatic shapes.The Songjiang River was the upper reaches and Wusong River was the middle and lower reaches.After the mid-term of Tang dynasty,due to the gradual formation of the embankment on the eastern edge of Taihu Lake,siltation occurred sporadically at the edge of the water surface of Wujiang River,as well as the landform and water system of the upper reaches of Wusong River changed significantly.With the stabilization of the long embankment in Song dynasty,the water flowed from Taihu lake formed northern runoff and southern overflow.Taihu lake moved to the north,and the turbulence formed at the entrance of Wusong River was conducive to the brushing depth of the channel.The sedimentation and diversion of the Sanjiangkou(三江口)contributed to the formation of the prototype of the upstream watercourse of Wusong River.The polder water network in the northern runoff watercourse as well as the southern overflow area jointly constituted the structure of the upstream water system of Wusong River.During Tang and Song dynasties,the formation of the upstream canal of Wusong River was equivalent to the landform shaping of Wujiang river.