南方喀斯特传统村落人居生态造景智慧研究——以桂林大岗埠古村为例

Study on the Ecological Landscaping Wisdom in the Traditional Villages of Southern Karst:a Case Study of the Ancient Village of Dagangbu

传统村落的人居生态智慧与景观营造法则,是现代乡村振兴战略实现生态宜居的重要依据。位于桂林喀斯特世界自然遗产地缓冲区的大岗埠古村,古时堪称南方喀斯特传统村落人居环境营造的典范,但与大量中小型传统村落一样,暂未被妥善保护。以大岗埠古村为例,基于历史遗迹的角度分析人居生态智慧与景观营造法则,结果表明:人居生态智慧主要体现在村落选址、人居环境营建和水体排灌系统方面;对其景观营造法则进行分析,发现其遵循的景观营造逻辑包括乡贤文化、“天人合一”思想、景观的功能性以及岭南地域文化。通过挖掘大岗埠古村的传统人居生态造景智慧,可为我国乡村振兴战略目标中的生态宜居、乡风文明提供启示。

The ecological wisdom and landscape construction rules of traditional villages are important basis for modern rural revitalization strategy to realize ecological livability. Dagangbu Village,located in the buffer zone of Guilin karst world natural heritage site,can be regarded as a model for the construction of human settlement environment of traditional karst villages in the south in ancient times,but like a large number of small and medium-sized traditional villages,it has not been properly protected. Taking Dagangbu village as an example,its human settlement ecological wisdom and landscape construction rules are analysed from the perspective of historical relics in the paper. The results show that the human settlement ecological wisdom is mainly reflected in village location, human settlement environment construction and water drainage system. Through the analysis of its landscape construction rules,it is found that the landscape construction logic followed includes the culture of rural sages,the idea of‘harmony between man and nature’,the function of landscape and the regional culture of Lingnan. By fully tapping the wisdom of traditional human settlement ecological landscape in Dagangbu Village,it can provide enlightenment for ecological livability and rural civilization in the strategic goal of rural revitalization in China.