长输管道油品泄漏应急响应体系研究

Study on Emergency Response System of Oil Leakage in Long-distance Pipeline

石油行业的快速发展离不开油品的输送,而就目前石油的输送方式来看,我国主要采用的有四种运输方式,它们分别是管道运输、公路运输、铁路运输和水路运输。而其中管道输送是目前最常见的一种,这是由于管道输油成本低、运输范围广、运输量巨大并且不受地域限制。近年,随着能源行业的远期规划,全国成品油管道里程在逐年增加,但由于管道面临的内部风险和外部风险较多,比如管道焊缝缺陷、地质灾害的影响、第三方施工等因素的影响,极有可能造成管道发生油品泄漏,对于财产安全及周边生态环境造成不可挽回的损失,为了在发生油品泄漏的第一时间,管道运营企业做出快速、正确的响应,建立一套应急体系来指导企业开展应急抢险工作,对于管道运营企业是必不可少的一项任务。

The rapid development of the oil industry is inseparable from the transportation of oil products. As for the current transportation mode of oil,China mainly adopts four transportation modes,pipeline transportation,road transportation,railway transportation and water transportation.Among them,pipeline transportation is the most common one at present,which is due to the low cost of pipeline oil transportation,wide transportation range,huge transportation volume and no geographical restrictions. In recent years,with the long-term planning of the energy industry,the mileage of national product oil pipeline is increasing year by year.However,due to the many internal and external risks faced by the pipeline,such as pipeline weld defects,the impact of geological disasters,third-party construction and other factors,it is very likely to cause oil leakage in the pipeline and irreparable losses to property safety and surrounding ecological environment.In order to make a rapid and correct response in the first time of oil leakage,it is an essential task for pipeline operation enterprises to establish a set of emergency system to guide enterprises to carry out emergency rescue work.