精神科护士心理困扰现状及其影响因素的研究

The Status of Psychological Distress of Psychiatric Nurses and Its Influencing Factors

目的了解精神科护士的心理困扰现状,并分析其影响因素。方法2022年3-4月,采用便利抽样法选取河南省3所精神病医院的326名临床在岗护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、心理困扰量表、弹性量表简化版、工作场所暴力频度量表对其进行问卷调查。结果76.4%的护士存在不同程度的心理困扰,心理困扰总得分为(23.35±9.19)分,不同文化程度、工作年限、职称、病区性质和工作时长的护士,其心理困扰得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,工作时长、心理弹性及工作场所暴力是精神科护士心理困扰的独立影响因素(均P<0.05),可解释总变异的26.6%。结论精神科护士心理困扰较严重,护理管理者应采取积极的干预措施,提高护理人员的心理弹性水平,减少工作场所暴力。

Objective To gain an insight into the psychological distress of psychiatric nurses and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From March to April 2022,326 clinical nurses in three psychiatric hospitals in Henan Province were selected by convenience sampling method.General information questionnaire,The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale(K10),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)and Workplace Violence Frequency Scale(WVS)were used to conduct the questionnaire survey.Results About 76.4%of nurses had different degrees of psychological distress,and the total score of psychological distress was 23.35±9.19.The psychological distress scores of nurses with different education levels,working years,professional titles,nature of ward and working hours were significantly different(all P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that working hours,psychological resilience and workplace violence were the independent influencing factors of psychological distress of psychiatric nurses(all P<0.05),which could explain 26.6%of the total variation.Conclusions Psychiatric nurses suffer from serious psychological distress.Nursing managers should take active intervention measures to improve the psychological resilience of nurses and reduce workplace violence.