基于对话句法的汉语自闭症儿童会话研究

A Study of ASD Children’s Conversation Based on Dialogic Syntax

近年来,自闭症儿童的话语研究越来越受到关注,但关于汉语自闭症儿童的会话研究还比较欠缺。先前的相关研究大多基于传统的会话分析框架,论文采用对话研究的最新成果——对话句法理论,提出评估自闭症儿童会话质量的六个指标,并从语料库中选取真实语料进行了量化研究。研究发现,自闭症儿童整体会话能力比同龄正常儿童弱,会话主动性差,话语产出量少,在与交谈者产生共鸣时多采用重复或平行策略。虽然自闭症儿童的对话共鸣度从整体上看与正常儿童无显著性差异,但个体差异大,有些自闭症儿童在局部共鸣度和宏观共鸣度上与正常儿童存在明显差距。对话句法理论中的平行和共鸣思想,为我们深入研究自闭症儿童话语提供了新的视角。

In recent years,there have been more and more children with autism,and the study of autistic children’s discourse has become more and more important,but conversational research on Chinese autistic children is still lacking.Most of the previous related research is based on traditional conversation analysis framework.By applying the latest results of dialogue research-dialogic syntax,this paper sums up six indicators to assess the conversational quality of autistic children,and carries out a quantitative study of the data chosen from Talkbank corpus.It finds that the overall conversational ability of autistic children is weaker than normal children of the same age,the conversational initiative is poor,and the output of speech is less.When resonating with the interlocutor,autistic children tend to use more repetition and parallelism as a strategy.Although the dialogic resonance of autistic children is not significantly different from that of normal children as a whole,the individual differences are obvious.Some autistic children still have a significant gap from normal children in terms of local resonance and global resonance.The idea of parallelism and resonance in the theory of dialogue syntax provides a new perspective for us to study the discourse of autistic children in depth.