乌江航路文化线路遗产的当代保护研究

Research on Contemporary Protection of Cultural Heritage along the Wujiang River Route

贯穿渝黔地区的乌江航路是以木船、纤夫为主要特色的文化线路,是乌江流域各民族交往交流交融的历史见证。经田野调查发现,其沿线文化遗产类型丰富,遗存了航道、纤道、绞关站、水码头、渡口、古镇、古街、会馆、碑刻及船工号子等物质和非物质航运文化遗产。在政府主导下,学界、文物部门与旅游市场等主体已经对乌江航路相关文化遗产开展了一定的保护实践。但由于现阶段对乌江航路文化线路遗产的整体价值认知不清、缺乏协调保护机制、开发不当、公众意识淡薄等问题,其总体保护形势依然严峻。急需抓住国家文化公园建设等机遇挖掘其线路价值,通过建立健全联合保护机制、探索全新的文旅融合模式、扩宽市场和公众的参与渠道等途径进行整体线路保护。

The Wujiang River Route,which runs through Chongqing-Guizhou region,is a cultural route featuring wooden boats and trackers,and it is a historical witness of the exchanges and blending of ethnic groups in Wujiang River Basin.Through field investigation,there are rich types of cultural heritages along the route,including tangible and intangible shipping cultural heritages such as waterway,track road,Jiaoguan Station,water wharf,ferry,ancient town,ancient street,guild hall,tablet inscription and boatman’s chant.Under the leadership of the government,academic circles,cultural relics departments,tourism market and other subjects have carried out some protection practices for the cultural heritage related to the Wujiang River Route.However,at present,due to some problems such as unclear recognition of the overall value of cultural heritage of the Wujiang River Route,lack of coordinated protection mechanism,improper development and weak public awareness,the overall protection situation is still severe.It is urgent to seize the opportunity of national cultural park construction to tap the route value,and to protect the whole route by establishing and perfecting the joint protection mechanism,exploring a brand-new integration mode of culture and tourism,and broadening the market and public participation channels.