湖南江永铜山岭古代矿冶遗址初步考察

Preliminary Study on Ancient Mining and Metallurgical Sites at Tongshanling in Jiangyong County,Hunan Province

铜山岭遗址位于湖南江永县铜山岭农场办公大楼斜对面50米处,遗存面积约为2000 m^(2)。第二次全国文物普查将其定为战国至汉代的矿冶遗址。2020年对该遗址进行了田野调查并采集冶金遗物。使用能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪EDX、扫描电子显微镜能谱仪(SEM-EDS)等对遗址所得7个炉渣样品的基体成分和金属颗粒进行检测分析。初步研究表明,该遗址使用烧结—还原熔炼法,冶炼产品为粗铅。炉渣均为还原渣,具有适当的熔点及较好的流动性,渣中铅含量较为稳定,表明当时的冶炼技术已到达一定的水平。

The site of Tongshanling locates 50 meters diagonally opposite the office building of Tongshanling Farm,Jiangyong county,Hunan province,with a relic area of about 2000 m^(2).The second national census of cultural relics designated it as a mining and metallurgical site from the Warring States Period to the Han Dynasty.In 2020,fieldwork was conducted at the site and metallurgical relics were collected.Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer EDX and scanning electron microscope energy dispersive spectrometer(SEM-EDS)were used to detect and analyze the matrix components and metal particles of seven slag samples obtained from the site.The preliminary research shows that the site uses the sintering-reduction smelting method,and the smelting product is crude lead.The slag is all reduced slag with proper melting point and good fluidity.Lead content in the slag is relatively stable,indicating that the smelting technology at that time has reached a certain level.