清将赖英扬与大鹏营的扩展

Discussion on the Development of Dapeng Battalion and General Lai Yingyang’s Biography

粤海大鹏营在清前期仅为小水营,作战能力不强。至嘉、道朝清廷开始打击粤东洋盗,大鹏营受到两广总督的重视并着手扩展,在鸦片战争序曲九龙海战中发挥防御作用。本文认为两广总督留心发展大鹏营,与捕获洋盗乌石二的大鹏营兵将赖英扬有关。赖英扬是大鹏赖氏武将发展史的起点,其子赖恩爵的历史知名度更高,但清国史馆仅替赖英扬立传,未替赖恩爵挂名附传,又在纂修中削减赖英扬捕盗事迹,反映史官对人物立传的诸多背后考量问题。

In the early Qing Dynasty, Dapeng of Guangdong Province was a nameless navy battalion and lacked sufficient combat capability. After the attacking local pirate action of Guangdong in Jiaqing Dynasty, the governors of Guangdong and Guangxi continuously had paid attention to Dapeng battalion’s development and increased navy equipments and training. Dapeng battalion had played a defensive role in the first battle of the Opium War so that improved military status. This topic is about Lai Yingyang, the general of the Dapeng battalion, who had captured the pirate Wu Shi Er. The governors of Guangdong and Guangxi appreciated Lai family’s performance, and attended to establish Dapeng battalion’s administration. Lai Yingyang’s reputation was not as good as that of his son, the admiral of the Guangdong, Lai Enjue. However, Academia Historica of Qing only codified the biography for Lai Yingyang, did not edit any biography for Lai Enjue. The consideration behind the manuscript and official historical knowledge were worth discussing.