消逝的过程:“时间维度”视角下的建造技术培训与工艺创新

The Disappeared Process: Construction Technology Training and Process Innovation from the Perspective of “Time Dimension”

本文以近代建造学教科书及其所反映的相关建造技术培训为切入点,关注19世纪末20世纪初中英比较视野下的中国建造与思想的转变。分析中英近代建造学学科的教学法特征,讨论建造技术培训中关于模具、拱顶支架、脚手架、建造流程等施工过程的呈现与隐藏,进而管窥中国近代建筑史中"消逝的过程"以及其历时性与共时性的现象。在此基础上,探讨“儒与匠”“思想与建造”两组相关词的含义区别,分析中国近代建造技术教育转型中的技术工人的工艺自由及其利弊,并进一步探索"实现目的"与"创造目的"两种层面的工艺创新及其意义。

This study examines the Sino-British transition in construction and thoughts in the late 19th and early 20th century on the basis of modern Building Construction textbooks and the associated training courses.Additionally, it analyzes the pedagogies of construction technology training in China and Britain, and discusses the presentation and concealment of the construction processes(i.e., molding, formwork, scaffolding, and building procedures) in modern technical education. This study thus provides a glimpse into the disappearance of the building process in Chinese modern architecture. Further, this study explores the related meaning of the two paired words “Confucian-Craftsman” and “Construction-Thoughts”, analyzes the technical freedom of Chinese building workers in the transformation of modern construction technology education, and explores the two levels of process innovation(i.e., for achieving goals, or for creating goals) and their significance.