莱州湾滨海湿地植物叶片矿质元素特征及其相关关系

Characteristics and Correlations of Mineral Elements of Coastal Plant Leaves in Laizhou Bay

研究植物叶片内矿质元素含量特征及其相关关系有助于我们认知和理解生态系统的生物地球化学循环过程。本文以山东莱州湾滨海湿地的9种植物为研究对象,研究不同植物叶片中矿质元素的含量特征及其资源利用策略。结果表明:植物叶片内Al,Ca,Fe,Mg和P的含量显著高于Cu,Mn,Sr,Zn,Cr,K和Na。其中Mg、Fe、Al、Mn、Cr、Na、Zn等矿质元素可划分为一类,其在二色补血草,碱蓬,獐毛,盐地碱蓬等植物叶片中含量较高,该类植物可用作盐碱地改良工具物种且具有较高的药用和饲用价值;P、K、Sr、Cu、Ca等矿质元素可划分为一类,其在鹅绒藤,长裂苦苣菜等植物叶片中含量较高,该类植物对P、K等生命元素的利用效率较高,耐瘠薄性能好,特别是在P矿化程度较低的黄河三角洲新生湿地环境中适应能力较强;芦苇、柽柳和青蒿对各矿质元素的需求并无明显偏好,该生境条件下其叶片中元素的含量或取决于土壤中矿质元素的含量和分布情况。

Study on the characteristics and correlations of mineral elements in plant leaves is helpful to understand the biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem.In this paper,nine coastal plants in Laizhou Bay were selected to study the characteristics of mineral elements in different plant leaves and to discuss their resource utilization strategies.The results showed that the mineral elements of Al,Ca,Mg,Fe,and P in plant leaves were significantly higher than Cu,Mn,Sr,Zn,Cr,K,and Na.Among them,mineral elements such as Mg,Fe,Al,Mn,Cr,Na and Zn can be divided into one category.Their contents were high in the leaves of Limonium bicolor,Suaeda glauca,Aeluropus sinensis and Suaeda salsa.These plants can be used as tool species for saline alkali land improvement and have high medicinal and feeding value;P.K,Sr,Cu,and Ca can be divided into another category.Their contents were high in the leaves of Cynanchum chinense and Sonchus brachyotus.This kind of plant has high utilization efficiency of P,K and other life elements and good barren resistance,especially in the newborn wetland of the Yellow River Delta with low phosphorus mineralization;The mineral elements contents in the leaves of Phragmites australis,Tamarix chinensis and Artemisia caruifolia were no obvious changes.As the typical species in the middle and late successional stages,there is no need to select mineral elements additionally,and the concentrations of elements in their leaves under this habitat may depend on the mineral elements in soils.