基于工件与外部可消耗工具摩擦的焊接技术研究进展

Advances in friction welding technology based on friction between workpiece and external consumable tool

摩擦焊是一类依靠摩擦产热来实现材料连接的固相焊接技术,具有接头质量高、焊接变形小、节能环保等优点,广泛应用于航空航天、交通运输、矿山机械、海洋装备等领域.近年来,摩擦焊技术发展迅速,一些改型的工艺相继产生.根据相互摩擦对象的属性对摩擦焊技术进行了分类,归纳了各自的主要工艺特点.对基于工件与外部可消耗工具相互摩擦的焊接技术进行了系统综述,重点介绍了径向摩擦焊、摩擦-铆接、摩擦塞补焊、摩擦堆焊和涡流搅拌摩擦焊的基本工艺原理和最新研究进展,同时对以上工艺技术的未来发展展开了讨论,以期为相关领域的科研工作者提供参考.

Friction welding is a kind of solid-state welding technology that depends on the friction heat generation to realize materials joining. Owing to the advantages of high joint quality, low welding distortion, energy saving and environmental protection, etc., it is widely used in aerospace, transportation, mining machinery, marine equipment and other fields. In the last few decades, friction welding technology has developed rapidly, and some modified processes have been born. In this paper, the current friction welding methods were summarized according to the properties of mutual friction objects, and then the methods based on the friction between workpiece and consumable external tool were principally reviewed.The process principles and latest research progresses of radial friction welding, friction riveting, friction plug welding, friction surfacing and vortex-friction stir welding were mainly introduced, and the future development of the above welding methods is discussed, to provide reference for researchers in the related field.