软硬法共治下高校教育惩戒权的法律问题研究

Research on the Legal Issues of the Power of Educational Punishment in Colleges and Universities under the Combined Rule of Soft and Hard Laws

高校教育惩戒权在法律性质上具有双重属性,兼具私法与公法的部分特征,属于“准行政权”范畴。本文通过引入软法与硬法共治理念,分析高校教育惩戒存在硬法立法缺失、规定模糊、执行不到位,软法内容不规范、适用随意、价值功能偏离等现实问题,提出应当从完善立法并发挥硬法的上位法作用、规范程序并提升软法治理效果、明确救济边界并实现软硬法协同等方面进行改进,提升高校教育惩戒的软硬法兼施成效。

The power of educational punishment in colleges and universities has dual properties in legal nature,which has partial characteristics of private law and public law,and belongs to the category of quasi-administrative power.By introducing the concept of soft law and hard law,this paper analyzes the practical problems such as lack of hard law legislation,vague regulations,inadequate implementation,non-standard content,arbitrary application and deviation of value and function.In order to improve the effect of both soft and hard laws on educational punishment in colleges and universities,it is necessary to perfect legislation to give full play to the upper role of hard law,standardize procedures to improve the governance effect of soft law and clarify relief boundary to realize the synergy of soft and hard laws.