“民族团结一家亲”背景下农村居民健康素养培育研究

A Study on the Cultivation of Rural Residents Health Literacy under the Background of “Ethnic Unity Promotion”

目的 调查试点村居民在“民族团结一家亲”背景下健康素养培育前后的健康素养具备率,分析其影响因素及健康素养培育成效。方法 采取整群抽样的方法,以新疆皮山县某村为试点村,以该村常住居民为研究对象,调查其在健康素养培育前后的健康素养具备率。结果 2019年调查对象健康素养具备率为4.2%,实施“民族团结一家亲”农村居民健康素养培育后,2021年提升至10.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3个维度和6类健康问题的健康素养具备率均有所提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中提高最多的分别为健康技能和传染病防治(32.3%,55.9%);单因素分析结果显示,健康素养培育前后不同年龄、文化程度调查对象的健康素养具备率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);二分类logistic回归分析结果显示,调查对象健康素养具备率主要影响因素为文化程度(P<0.05),且呈正相关。结论 “民族团结一家亲”背景下健康素养培育取得一定成效,调查对象健康素养具备率有所提升,但仍远远低于国家平均水平,应进一步探索制定有针对性的健康素养培育的途径。

Objective To investigate the health literacy rate of residents in a pilot village before and after health literacy cultivation under the background of “Ethnic Unity Promotion”,analyze its influencing factors,and evaluate the effect of health literacy cultivation.Methods By cluster sampling,a village in Pishan County,Xinjiang were taken as the pilot village and its permanent resident as research subject to investigate health literacy having rate before and after health literacy cultivation.Results Before and after the cultivation of rural residents’ health literacy under the background of“Ethnic Unity Promotion”,the health literacy rate of the respondents was 4.2% in 2019 and rose to10.8% in 2021 after implementing the cultivation of health literacy of rural resident,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The health literacy rates of six kinds of health problems in three dimensions were improved,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among them,the most improved ones were health skills and infectious disease prevention and control(32.3%,55.9%).The univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the health literacy rates of subjects of different ages and educational levels before and after health literacy cultivation(P<0.05).The logistic regression analysis of two variables showed that the main influencing factor of subjects’ having rated health literacy was education level(P<0.05),showing a positive correlation.Conclusion The cultivation of health literacy under the background of “Ethnic Unity Promotion”has achieved certain results.The having rate of health literacy in subjects has been improved,but it is still far below the national average level.Effective intervention measures should be further explored and formulated according to the influencing factors,thereby exploring targeted ways to cultivate health literacy.