晚清藩属政策与其外交得失关系研究

A Brief Analysis of the Diplomatic Policy Adjustment in East Asia of the late Qing Dynasty

以中国帝制王朝为中心的“朝贡格局”在晚清时期遭到了西方列强的强烈冲击。面对挑战,清廷做出了相应的调整,对琉球推行延宕之法,在越南问题上战争与和平手段兼用,在朝鲜方面则大范围变更了旧制。这些调整既突显出清廷积极强化宗主权与消极放弃之间的首鼠两端,又体现了其在面对传统和近代两种外交理念及外交思维碰撞时的茫然无措,更暴露了其应对时局变化的僵化手段和虚弱本质。而随着藩属体系的瓦解,东亚外交体系随即步入近代化。

In the late Qing Dynasty,the tribute paying system was strongly affected and wakened by the western powers.Facing the situation,the Qing government made some adjustments,such as postponing the law enforcement on Liuqiu Island,using war and peace measures in the Vietnam issues,changing the Korean’s old system,and so on.However,these adjustments reflected not only its waver in determination,but also the confusion in the face of the collision of traditional and modern diplomatic thinking,which exposed its rigid means and weak nature in dealing with the time changes.With the collapse of the vassal system,the East Asian diplomatic system was modernized.