列维纳斯他者哲学视角下的语言观探究

An Exploration of Levinas’ View of Language from the Perspective of Philosophy of "the Other"

由于自身的复杂性和多样性,语言已经是哲学研究普遍关注的话题。列维纳斯对语言的观点反映了他“为他者”的哲学主张。语言是列维纳斯他者哲学中构建自我和他者关系的重要基础。列维纳斯认为,外在性的声音、本源性的言说和他异性的隐喻体现了语言为他者的本质。自我和他者之间的伦理关系从问候他者、回应他者到替他者发言的递进中得到深化。为他者的语言展现的是语言的伦理特性:神圣性、公正性和超越性。列维纳斯构建了语言的伦理根基,使语言成为走向伦理形而上学的必经之路。

Levinas’ view of language reflects his philosophical proposition of "for the other".Language is fundamental for Levinas to construct the relationship between the self and the other in his philosophy of "the other".According to Levinas,the externality of voice,the primordiality of "the saying" and the alterity of metaphor embody the "for the other" nature of language.Language for the other reveals the ethical characteristics of language: sacredness,justice and transcendence.Levinas builds the ethical foundation of language,making language a necessary way to go to ethical metaphysics.