创新支持感对来华境外人才创新行为的影响——创新网络嵌入的中介作用

The Impact of Innovation Support on the Innovation Behavior of Overseas Talents in China:The Mediating Effect of Innovation Network Embeddedness

由于兼具创新要素集成、知识流动和共享、竞争合作创新氛围等工具性、情感性创新支持制度功能,创新网络嵌入成为继股权激励保健化趋势后异质性人力资本的一种有效激励模式。运用创新网络和网络嵌入理论,对来自高新技术产业开发区、科技企业孵化器、留学人员创业园等创新网络的315份有效问卷样本进行统计分析,探究工具性、情感性创新支持感对来华境外人才创新行为的影响及作用机理,阐释网络嵌入的中介效应。研究结果表明:情感性创新支持感对来华境外人才创新行为具有显著正向影响,但工具性创新支持感呈现保健化趋势;情感性创新支持感对结构嵌入、关系嵌入均具有显著正向影响,而工具性创新支持感仅对关系嵌入具有显著正向影响;结构嵌入在情感性创新支持感与创新行为间发挥部分中介作用,而关系嵌入不起作用。

With the advent of the era of digital economy, intelligent manufacturing economy and the fourth industrial revolution, there comes the unprecedented intensive and active innovation. Since the market has been in a state of failure in the allocation of innovative resources, the human resource development model of enterprises within organizational boundaries is more and more difficult to meet the needs of high-end talents. The network embeddedness developed from social network theory has become an emerging theoretical paradigm for studying organization and talent innovation. Both individuals and enterprises are embedded in various social networks with which they are connected. The innovation network is a complex network formed by different innovation subjects, and there might be potential key resources that can meet the needs of individual innovation. The heterogeneity of overseas talents determines that their embeddedness development has the duality of organizational embeddedness and network embeddedness. As the leading and primary resources of innovative enterprise, overseas talents are thirst for innovative environment, resources and opportunities, so they expect to transcend organizational boundaries and embed in innovation networks.Previous studies have shown that scholars regard enterprises and organizations as independent innovation subjects in the innovation network, and pay more attention to the innovation network embeddedness of innovative organizations(or enterprises), while there are few studies that analyze network embeddness from an individual perspective. The role, motivation and behavior of overseas talents in the process of innovation are not only influenced by their own factors, but also by the macro-level of regional networks, but the conclusion is short of effective empirical research. On the basis of social network and network embeddedness theory, this study constructs a theoretical relationship model of innovation supports perception, network embeddedness and innovation behavior, and focuses on analyzing the impact of the two types of embeddedness at the regional level and the two types of support intensity perceived by individuals on the innovation behavior of overseas talents. It carries out the empirical analysis with SPSS & AMOS to explore the impact of perception of innovation support on the innovation behavior of overseas talents, and the mediating effect of innovation network embeddednes.This study mainly collects data by questionnaire survey, and selects well-developed national high-tech development zones, economic and technological development zones, technology business incubators and overseas students pioneer parks as typical innovation networks throughout the country for investigation. It builds a structural equation model and uses the path coefficient product term method to test the double mediating effect, and then it constructs three models without mediating variables including the innovation support perception and network embeddedness, the innovation support perception and innovation behavior, and the network embeddedness and innovation behavior. On this basis, a two-factor non-causal mediation model with two independent variables is constructed, and the Bootstrap method is used to test the mediation effect.Through the analysis of 315 samples from innovation networks such as high-tech zones and overseas students pioneer parks across the country, the study finds that emotional innovation support has a significant positive impact on the innovation behavior of overseas talents, but instrumental innovation support shows a trend of homogeneity. The perception of instrumental innovation support and emotional innovation support can promote the relational and structural embeddedness of the innovation network of overseas talents. The structural embeddedness has a positive effect on innovation behavior, and structural embeddedness plays a partial mediating role between emotional innovation support perception and innovative behavior, but the relational embedding has no effects on neither innovation behavior nor the perception of emotional innovation support and innovative behavior.From the perspective of innovation network embeddedness, the study finds that emotional support has an inhibitory effect on instrumental support, and overseas talents have more advantages in structural embeddedness, but there are deficiencies in relational embeddedness. Therefore, it is suggested to improve the ability of overseas talents to acquire network resources;reducing the cost of relationship connection, optimize the innovation ecology of talents and enhance the sense of network identity. The findings complement the existing related theoretical research and policies, and provide the theoretical support for enhancing the innovation capabilities of regional strategic emerging industries.