TRIZ理论与人机工程学原理在多功能助老装置设计中的应用

Application of TRIZ theory and ergonomic principle in designing multi-function supporting device for the elderly

针对现有助老装置操作相对复杂、功能单一而难以辅助老龄人户外安全出行,人性化和舒适性低等问题,首先基于TRIZ理论确定助老装置的主要技术矛盾,提出了在解决技术创新设计过程中相应的发明原理,并具体创新出可分离单双拐机构、坐便机构、辅助起身机构等功能模块;然后运用人机工程学原理提升老人多功能助老装置的舒适性,参考国家标准以及老年人身高体态变化趋势,优化座椅尺寸参数为高度460 mm、宽度510 mm、深度480 mm;最后基于建立的多功能助老装置三维机械结构模型,运用SolidWorks Simulation对坐便板和主骨架材料进行了强度和刚度可行性的应力应变分析;施加老人半身体重为588 N力时坐便板和主骨架承受的最大应力分别为32.13 MPa和40.27 MPa,最大位移变形量分别为0.15 mm和0.02 mm,由仿真结果和实物制造可知本文助老装置的创新设计符合要求。

In view of such problems as complexity in operation,inconvenience in outdoor mobility resulting from single function,less humanization and low comfort with current supporting device for the elderly,we investigated the innovative design of the device,ergonomic comfort and the load-carrying capacity of the key parts in this paper.Based on TRIZ theory,it firstly determined the main technical contradiction with the supporting device for the elderly in this paper,and then proposed the corresponding invention principle in the design process of solving technological innovation,and innovated the specific innovation of the functional modules of the separable single/double-abduction mechanism,toilet-sitting mechanism,auxiliary get-up mechanism and so on.Secondly,using ergonomic principles to improve the comfort of multi-functional supporting devices for the elderly and referring to national standards and the height trend of the elderly,the optimized seat-size parameters presents the height of 460 mm,the width of 510 mm and the depth of 480 mm.Finally,Based on the structured three-dimensional mechanical model of the multi-functional supporting device,stress/strain analysis of the material strength of the toilet seat-board and the main skeleton were analyzed by using SolidWorks simulation.When the half weight of the elderly with the force of 588N applied,the maximum stress on the toilet seat-board and the main skeleton were 32.13MPa and 40.27MPa respectively,and their maximum displacement deformation were 0.15mm and 0.02mm respectively.The above simulation results and physical manufacturing show that the innovative design of the supporting device for the elderly meet the requirements.