工农固废协同稳定化多重金属废矿渣研究

Research on Stabilization of Multiple High Metal Crap Slag with Industrial-agricultural Solid Waste Collaborative Action

为给工农固废用于重金属废渣/污染土稳定化修复提供理论与技术依据,研究了工业固废钢渣、脱硫石膏,农业固废甘蔗渣、鸡粪对冶炼废渣中重金属的同步稳定化效果。在反应层固废与废矿渣混合比(体积比)为1∶9,材料脱硫石膏、钢渣、甘蔗渣、畜禽粪便的配比为1∶1∶6∶12条件下,研究了废矿渣中As、Pb、Zn的浸出毒性在0~360 d的变化情况,同时分析了工农固废协同情况下反应层微生物群落360 d的变化。结果表明,废矿渣中As、Pb、Zn的360 d浸出毒性分别降低了99.8%、100%(未检出)和86.5%,达到地表水Ⅲ类水质标准;从180~360 d的微生物群落数据看,共有OTU占比逐渐降低,阶段降幅分别为22.3个百分点和11.8个百分点;180 d和360 d的门、纲水平高丰度物种相对稳定,γ-变形菌纲、α-变形菌纲、放线菌纲、拟杆菌纲和第四门纲、绿湾菌纲、杆菌纲、酸杆菌纲丰度较高,协同稳定化主要诱导以上菌群的丰度变化,进而影响重金属形态与毒性。

In order to provide theoretical and technical basis for heavy metal waste slag or contaminated soil stabilization remediation by using industrial and agricultural solid waste,the synchronous stabilization effect of industrial solid waste steel slag and desulfurization gypsum,agricultural solid waste bagasse and chicken manure on heavy metals in metallurgical waste residue was studied.Under the conditions of the mixing ratio(volume ratio) of solid waste and waste slag in the reaction layer was 1:9,and the ratio of material desulfurization gypsum,steel slag,bagasse,poultry manure was 1:1:6:12,the change of leaching toxicity on As,Pb and Zn in the waste slag by 360 days was tested.At the same time,the microbial community of the reaction layer was analyzed for 360 days under the condition of metallurgy-agriculture solid waste synergy.The results showed that the leaching toxicity of As,Pb and Zn was respectively reduced by99.8%,100%(NG) and 86.5%,and the leaching water was reached the surface water quality standard of Class Ⅲ.From the microbial community data of 180 d and 360 d,the proportion of shared OTU were gradually decreased by 22.3 percentage points and 11.8 percentage points respectively.The high-abundance species were relatively stable at phylum and class level in 180 d and 360 d,in which class as Gammaproteobacteria,Alphaproteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Bacteroidia,Fourth phylum chloroflexia,Bacilli,Gemmatimonadetes are higher than others, so it is considered that the multi-layer covering mainly induces changes in the abundance of the above flora,which in turn affects the morphology and toxicity of heavy metals.