黄山市民宿时空演化与影响因素研究

A Study on the Spatial-temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Homestay in Huangshan City

随着旅游业的发展和旅游消费观念的转变,民宿已经成为旅游者住宿的主要选择之一。文章在获取黄山市2100家民宿相关数据的基础上,运用GIS空间分析方法,探寻黄山市民宿发展的时空演化规律及其影响因素。研究发现:黄山市民宿的发展历程主要经历了4个阶段的演变,即萌芽阶段(1979-1999年)、探索阶段(2000-2011年)、发展阶段(2012-2016年)和快速发展阶段(2017-2020年),不同阶段下的民宿在发展背景、数量、经营方式等方面有所差异;黄山市民宿在空间上呈现“一核多中心”的空间格局;随着时间的推移呈现从点状到线状、团状分布的变化特征,中低端民宿的组团式现象较为明显,高端民宿较为分散,集聚特征尚不显著;进一步分析表明,自然环境奠定了民宿发展的基本格局,市场需求是民宿发展的决定力量,旅游资源是民宿发展的先决条件,交通是民宿得以深入发展的重要条件。

With the development of tourism industry and the transformation of tourism consumption concept,homestays have become the main choice for tourists’ accommodation need.Based on the data of 2100 homestays in Huangshan city,this study used GIS spatial analysis method to explore the law of spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factors of homestays development the city.The results show that:the development of homestay has undergone four stages:the embryonic stage(1979-1999),the exploratory stage(2000-2011),the development stage(2012-2016) and the rapid development stage(2017-2020) with differences in the development background,quantity,and operation methods of homestays at different stages;homestays present a "one core and multiple centers" spatial pattern and it gradually shows the changing characteristics of point-like distribution to line-like distribution and cluster distribution;group phenomenon of middle and low-end homestays is more obvious,while highend ones of more scattered and cluster characteristics are not significant.A further analysis shows that the natural environment has established the basic pattern of the development of homestays;the market is the decisive force;tourism resources are the prerequisite,and transportation is an important condition for the in-depth development of homestays.