个体化营养指导联合家庭运动干预对妊娠期糖尿病患者分娩结局的影响

Effect of Individualized Nutrition Guidance Combined with Family Exercise Intervention on Delivery Outcomes of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的 观察个体化营养指导联合家庭运动干预对妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)患者分娩结局的影响。方法 选择2019年5月—2021年3月在泉州市泉港区医院妇产科收治的120例妊娠期糖尿病患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与干预组,每组各60例。对照组患者给予常规营养干预联合家庭运动干预,干预组患者在对照组的基础上给予个体化营养指导。对比两组患者干预前后LDL-C、TG、TC等血脂相关指标和HbA1c、2 hPG及FPG等血糖相关指标表达水平变化情况,观察两组患者不良分娩结局发生情况。结果 干涉后,干预组产妇LDL-C、TG以及TC等血脂指标表达水平改善情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干涉后,干预组产妇HbA1c、FPG以及2 hPG等血糖指标表达水平改善情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干涉后,干预组患者流产、剖宫产、新生儿高胆固醇血症以及新生儿呼吸窘迫综合发生情况少于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而胎儿宫内发育迟缓、胎儿宫内窘迫、胎膜早破以及巨大儿等情况显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 个体化营养指导联合家庭运动干预在妊娠期糖尿病患者中可有效改善患者血脂、血糖表达水平,降低不良妊娠结局发生率。

Objective To observe the effect of individualized nutrition guidance combined with home exercise intervention on delivery outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 120 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Quanzhou Quangang District Hospital from May 2019 to March 2021 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into control group and intervention group by numerical random table method,with 60 patients in each group.The patients in the control group were given routine nutrition intervention combined with home exercise intervention,and the patients in the intervention group were given individualized nutrition guidance on the basis of the control group.Both groups continued to interfere until delivery.The blood lipid-related indexes such as LDL-C,TG and TC levels were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.The changes in the expression levels of blood glucose-related indicators such as HbA1 c,2 hPG and FPG were observed,and the outcomes of adverse childbirth in the two groups were observed.Results After the intervention,the improvement of the expression levels of LDL-C,TG,TC and other blood lipid indexes in the intervention group was significantly better than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).The intrauterine growth retardation,intrauterine distress,premature rupture of membranes and macrosomia were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Individualized nutrition guidance combined with home exercise intervention can effectively improve the expression levels of blood lipids and blood sugar in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus,and reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.