四川方言“尽到”的来源及功能

The Origin and Function of "Always" in Sichuan Dialect

情态副词“尽到”在四川各地区的用法大同小异,相当于普通话中的“一直”。“尽到”二字均表持续义,“尽”之持续义源于古代汉语,“到”之持续义或源于赣语,由此构成的“尽到”便有[+可持续]的语义特征,表示动作或状态持续不断,在句中作状语,与后面的动词或动词短语构成状中结构的短语。“尽到”的语用功能体现为反预期和评价功能,用来表示说者抱怨、责备;提醒、劝诫的情感态度,蕴含说者对动作或状态的主观评价。

The modal adverb"always"is almost the same in different parts of Sichuan,which is equivalent to"always"in Mandarin."Always"means continuous,one from ancient Chinese,and another from the Gan dialect,which constitute the"always"have semantic feature of sustainable means the action or state continued,act as an adverbial in a sentence,and match with the verb or verbal phrase that follows.The pragmatic function of"always"is reflected in the function of counter-expectation and evaluation,which is used to express the speaker's complaint,dissatisfaction,reminding and admonishing.It contains the speaker's subjective evaluation of the action or state.