航运低碳化背景下的绿色拆船

Green Shipbreaking in the Context of Shipping Decarburization

能提供大量工作机会和资源回收的拆船业本应是绿色产业,但拆船过程中会产生严重的环境污染和工人健康问题。废弃船舶从发达国家向发展中国家转移,引发了拆船国家的环境污染和劳工健康问题。国际社会日益关注拆船业的绿色发展,出台了一系列国际法规,其中《香港公约》和《欧盟法规》是集大成者。我国虽然针对拆船行业形成了以《中华人民共和国防止拆船污染环境管理条例》为中心的规范体系,但仍无法为绿色拆船提供强有力的法制保障,为此,可以借鉴《香港公约》和《欧盟法规》,完善我国绿色拆船的法律体系,以污染者付费原则统筹绿色拆船法律,并强化拆船活动中的劳工保护。

The shipbreaking industry, which can provide a large number of jobs and resource recovery, should have been a green industry, but the process of shipbreaking generates serious environmental pollution and health problems of workers. The transfer of abandoned ships from developed countries to developing countries has triggered environmental pollution and labor health problems in shipbreaking countries. The international community is increasingly concerned about the green development of the shipbreaking industry and has introduced a series of international regulations, of which The Hong Kong Convention and The EU Regulation are the most comprehensive. Although China has formed a regulatory system for the shipbreaking industry centering on The Control Regulations on the Prevention of Environmental Pollution from Shipbreakin of the People’s Republic of China, it is still unable to provide strong legal protection for green shipbreaking. To this end, it is possible to draw on The Hong Kong Convention and The EU Regulation to improve the legal system for green shipbreaking in China, and coordinate laws related to green shipbreaking with the polluter pays principle so as to strengthen labour protection in shipbreaking activities.