考虑3D打印工艺约束的液压流道拓扑优化设计

Topology Optimization Design of Hydraulic Channel Based on 3D Printing Process Constraints

为了解决传统液压阀块体积笨重、制造工艺繁琐且效率损失大的问题,使用3D打印和流体拓扑优化相结合的方法对液压流道进行优化设计。以入口和出口处压差最小为目标,通过流体拓扑优化对常见的液压阀体T形通道进行优化,得到更加符合流体特性的流道,并设计了可以无支撑进行3D打印的圆角正方形截面形状,进行了3D打印试验,优化后的流道3D打印成形效果较好。利用Fluent进行流体仿真,结果显示,当入口流速在2~5 m/s时,优化后的流道有效避免了气穴的形成,最大压力减小了40%以上,入口和出口处压差减小了28%以上,湍流改善了85%以上,流体性能得到显著提升。

To solve the traditional hydraulic valve block bulky,cumbersome manufacturing process,and large efficiency loss,a method combining 3 D printing and fluid topology optimization was used to redesign the hydraulic flow channel.The minimum pressure difference between inlet and outlet was regarded as the objective function.The T shaped channel of hydraulic valve body was optimized by fluid topology optimization,and obtained a flow channel which is more consistent with the fluid characteristics.A rounded square section shape with rounded corners that can be 3 D printed without support was designed.3 D printing experiment was carried out,the optimized channel formed good by 3 D printing.Finally,Fluent is used for fluid simulation.It is found that when the inlet flow velocity is within 2~5 m/s,the optimized channel can effectively avoid the formation of cavitation,the maximum pressure is reduced by more than 40%,the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet is reduced by more than 28%,turbulence is improved by more than 85%,fluid performance is significantly improved.