环境司法专门化发展的阶段性检视及未来发展展望——以甘肃省为例

Periodic Review and Future Development Prospects ofthe Specialized Development of Environmental Justice——Taking Gansu Province as an Example

环境司法专门化是我国环境治理体系逐渐精致化、现代化的重要环节。迎向环境司法专门化发展的新态势、新阶段,以甘肃省为例,对过去十年间甘肃省中国环境司法专门化的阶段性发展状况作一分析梳理,证成环境司法专门化发展为我国环境法治推进生态文明建设乃至全球环境治理提供了有益的“中国经验”,业已建立起了一套行之有效且符合中国环境的治理范式。同时,检视我国环境司法专门化尚存在环境法庭设立法律依据缺失、形式多元的环境法庭之间缺乏衔接规则、有关环境保护政策尚未形成统一体系等问题。并以此为基础提出环境司法专门化发展的新阶段应当从立法层面、司法层面出发,以立法形式确立环境法庭的合法地位、统一环境案件审理机构的设置标准、在确保地方环境政策体系化的前提下实现政策法律化,逐步建构更具中国特色的环境司法体制。

The specialization of environmental justice is an important link in the gradual refinement and modernization of China's environmental governance system.Facing the new situation and new stage of the development of environmental justice specialization,taking Gansu Province as an example,this paper analyzes and combs the phased development of China's environmental justice specialization in Gansu Province in the past decade,and proves that the development of environmental justice specialization has provided beneficial"Chinese experience"for China's environmental rule of law,promoting the construction of ecological civilization and even global environmental governance,and has established a set of effective governance paradigm in line with China's environment.At the same time,there are still some problems in the specialization of environmental justice in China,such as the lack of legal basis for the establishment of environmental courts,the lack of connection rules between diversified environmental courts,and the lack of a unified system of relevant environmental protection policies.On this basis,it is proposed that the new stage of the specialized development of environmental justice should start from the legislative and judicial levels,establish the legal status of environmental courts in the form of legislation,unify the setting standards of environmental case trial institutions,realize the legalization of policies on the premise of ensuring the systematization of local environmental policies,and gradually construct an environmental justice system with more Chinese characteristics.