美国高龄劳动者就业保障制度及其镜鉴

The Reference of the System of Older Labors Employment Security of America

美国高龄劳动者就业保障的制度体系主要包括就业促进制度、禁止歧视制度、解雇保护制度、退休福利制度等。在构建和完善高龄劳动者就业保障制度时,美国一直在寻求“张”与“驰”之间的衡平,具体表现为高龄劳动者就业保障上的“张”与青年劳动者就业保障上的“驰”、立法保障上的“张”与司法保障上的“驰”以及劳动法保障上的“张”与社会保障法保障上的“驰”。借鉴美国经验,结合我国实际,宜从制度环境、制度依据、制度框架三个方面建立健全我国高龄劳动者就业保障制度。

The institutional system of older labors' employment security of America consists mainly of employment promotion,prohibition of discrimination,dismissal protection,and retirement benefit.As designing and improving the system of older labors' employment security,America has been seeking the balance between tensioning and relaxing.The aspects of tensioning contend older labors' employment security,legislation and labor law while the aspects of relaxing include young labors' employment security,judicial and social security law.Learning from American experiment and considering the reality of our country,it is essential to design and improve our system of older labors' employment security from the perspectives of institutional environment,institutional framework and institutional basis.