农村儿童监护人对儿童规避食品安全风险能力的影响

Influence of caregivers on rural children’s ability to avoid food safety risks

目的 了解农村儿童监护人对儿童规避食品安全风险能力的影响现状及其影响因素,为探索儿童监护人如何参与农村儿童食品安全社会共治提供参考。方法 本调查采用分层随机抽样方法对我国7省/自治区抽取5 611个农村家庭进行实地问卷调研,并使用有序probit模型对农村监护人对儿童规避食品安全风险能力的影响进行了实证分析。结果 祖辈监护下的儿童反而比双亲监护下的儿童体现出更强的规避食品安全风险能力,相比于双亲监护,祖辈监护下的儿童具有强规避能力的概率上升6.94%,具有中等规避能力的概率下降6.48%,具有弱规避能力的概率下降0.46%。监护人疏忽型教养态度比溺爱、无知等消极教养态度更加显著降低儿童规避不安全食品的能力。结论 农村监护人对儿童规避食品安全风险能力的影响呈现复杂性,监护人类型、教养态度和规避食品安全风险能力均显著影响儿童的规避能力,研究建议相关部门应全面建立面向农村儿童监护人的食品安全风险交流策略,助力农村儿童食品安全社会共治。

Objective To study the influence of caregivers on their children’s ability to avoid food safety risks,so as to provide reference to empower the caregivers to participate food safety social co-governance.Methods A total of 5 611 rural families were selected from 7 provinces/autonomous regions by stratified random sampling,and factors of caregivers influencing rural children’s ability to avoid food safety risks were examined by ordered probit model.Results Children taken care by grandparents showed significantly stronger ability to identify unsafe foods than by parents. Compared to children taken care by parents,the percentage of children taken care by grandparents who had strong ability to avoid food safety risks was higher by 6. 94%,while the percentage of children who had moderate and low ability was lower by 6. 48%and 0. 46%,respectively. In addition,the neglecting parenting attitudes of caregivers significantly increased children’s acceptance on unsafe foods.Conclusion The influence of rural caregivers on children′s ability to avoid food safety risks was complex. Caregivers type,parenting attitudes and the ability to avoid food safety risks affect children′s ability to avoid food safety risks significantly. It is suggested that the government should launch food safety risk communication toward rural caregivers to promote food safety social co-governance.