洞庭湖地区耕地功能时空演变特征及影响因素研究

Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Cultivated Land Functions in the Dongting Lake Aera

耕地功能时空演变规律及影响因素研究是凸显耕地价值与作用、推动地区协调发展的重要科学依据。综合运用熵值法、地理探测器模型等方法,以湖南省洞庭湖地区24个县市区为研究区域,对该地区耕地功能的时空演变、空间分异及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明:①1998—2018年洞庭湖地区耕地经济生产功能整体呈增强趋势,主要集中于洞庭湖地区中部、西南部等农业基础较好的区域;社会保障功能整体增强明显,仅有临澧县、津市市和鼎城区3个地区功能强度有所减弱;生态维护功能空间格局变化较小,整体呈中间高两边低的态势。②自然地理条件是早期影响地区耕地功能的主要因素,随时间推移其影响能力逐渐弱化;社会经济发展到一定阶段,社会经济因素对耕地功能空间分异的影响能力逐渐增强,并凸显出决定性作用;耕地利用水平的不断提升,对耕地功能空间分异影响能力逐渐增强;不同因子之间的交互作用能够明显增强对洞庭湖地区耕地功能空间分异的解释力,共同推动地区耕地功能多元化发展。

Since the 21st Century,the rapid development of the Chinese economy has sped up the transforma-tion and reconfiguration of the urban-rural spatial structure and industrial structure.Land urbanization raises several issues caused by urban expansion,such as inefficient land use,uncontrollable construction areas,aban-doned rural settlements,etc.Meanwhile,it further leads to cultivated land changing to non-agriculturalization,non-food,and marginalization due to urban agglomeration along with urbanization such as the population,cap-ital,and industry.Cultivated land,as one of the most variable land use types,is an essential support for rural development.It is conducive to realizing the utilization of cultivated land,developing sustainable land manage-ment,and promoting sustainable region development to explore the spatial-temporal evolution and its influen-cing factors of cultivated land functions.Taking the 24 counties in the Dongting Lake area of Hunan Province as an example,the study analyzed the spatial-temporal evolution,spatial divergence,and influencing factors of cultivated land functions from economic production,social security,and ecological maintenance by using the entropy and geodetector method.Results show that 1)the economic production function of cultivated land showed a general upward trend from 1998 to 2018 and distributed in the central and southwestern Dongting Lake area with better agricultural development.The social security function has improved significantly,show-ing a decline in three regions(Linli,Jinshi,and Dingcheng).The spatial pattern of ecological maintenance functions is changing slightly,with the high in the central and low on both sides.2)Natural geographical con-ditions are conducive to cultivated land function at an early stage,weakening over time gradually.Socio-eco-nomic factors on the spatial differentiation of cultivated land functions increase with the development of the so-cial economy.The ability increases as it improves to impact the spatial differentiation of cultivated land func-tions.The interaction among multiple factors can significantly enhance cultivated land's spatial differentiation and promote diversified development.