支出型贫困救助政策比较研究——基于七市的对比

Comparison Study of Assistance Policies on Expenditure-based Poverty——Based on Comparison of Seven Cities

传统的贫困认定通常以收入水平为标准,未将贫困群体的刚性消费需求考虑在内。绝对贫困的消除并不意味着贫困救助的终结,随着脱贫攻坚战的全面胜利,我国的贫困治理工作进入了新的阶段,多维度精准识别贫困、对支出型贫困家庭等特殊群体进行救助成为这一阶段的新要求。为及时跟进政策研究,文章使用文献研究法对目前我国七座城市出台的支出型贫困救助文件进行对比分析,总结经验及不足,并提出解决路径。研究发现,当前支出型贫困救助存在救助界限不清、资金责任未落实、对社会参与的支持力度不足等问题,应通过明确救助界限、落实资金责任、改进核查方式、支持社会参与以及完善清退规定加以完善。

Poverty was identified with the income level in the past. It can’t pay attention to the necessary expenditure in China of the poor. The elimination of absolute poverty doesn’t mean the end of poverty relief. With the victory of the battle against poverty,poverty relief entered a new stage. It is a new requirement to identify poverty accurately from multiple dimensions and provide assistance to the special groups, such as expenditure poverty families. In order to supplement the research of expenditure-based poverty relief policies, this paper compared policies introduced by several cities in China and analyzed them. This study will contribute to summarize the experience and defects, and give solutions. It is found that the current expenditure poverty relief have an unclear relief boundary. Some problems also should be concerned, such as unclear financial responsibility, insufficient support for social participation.So the policy boundaries should be further clarified. Furthermore, clarifying the financial responsibility and giving more support to social organizations in policies are also the main development directions in the future. In addition, some cities should also improve the checking method of recipients, and supplement the legal provisions on review and sign out.