莫斯科宗教—哲学协会:缘起、主题及其历史影响

Moscow Religious Philosophy Association:origin,themes,and historical influence

19世纪末至20世纪初,具有马克思主义、自由主义和保守主义等思想倾向的知识分子们都试图为俄国未来发展道路设定路标,他们纷纷著书立说,同时彼此之间互相攻击,形成了知识界异常活跃的文化景观。其中,具有自由主义思想倾向的莫斯科知识分子成立了以纪念弗拉基米尔·谢尔盖耶维奇·索洛维约夫为宗旨的宗教—哲学协会,他们既批判旧唯物主义和实证主义等思潮,也指责历史上的基督教及其教会,试图通过更新宗教意识和革新教会以回应和解决俄国社会面临的所有问题。莫斯科宗教—哲学协会的成员们通过与同时代知识分子的交流与对话,不仅形成了各具特色的理论体系,而且共同推动了白银时代文化复兴和宗教哲学的诞生。

From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century,intellectuals with ideological tendencies such as Marxism,liberalism and conservatism had all tried to set road signs for the future development of Russia.They wrote books and attacked each other one after another,forming an unusually active cultural landscape in the intelligentsia.Among them,Moscow intellectuals with liberal ideological tendency set up Moscow Religion Philosophy Association to commemorate Soloviyov.They not only criticized the ideological trends such as old materialism and positivism,but also criticized Christianity and its church in history,trying to respond to and solve all the problems Russian society faced by renewing religious consciousness and reforming the church.Through the exchange and dialogue with contemporary intellectuals,members of the Moscow Religious Philosophy Association not only formed their own distinctive theoretical systems,but also jointly promoted the cultural revival of the silver age and the birth of religious philosophy.