《黄帝内经》“数术”探论

Exploration and discussion of Shushu in Huangdi Neijing

文章辨析了《黄帝内经》中“法于阴阳,和于术数”的内涵,并从两汉知识体系的视角阐发早期数术的本质、原理、分类和主要内容,进而分析了两汉时期数术、方技之学得以融通的原因和《黄帝内经》中的术数内容。认为《黄帝内经》作为“方技”类重要著作,其“和于术数”所指为合应术数之学以用于方技。受巫医同源的历史因素和两汉时期的观念背景影响,《黄帝内经》引入了“数术”中星度、历书、风角、占梦、相术、厌劾祠禳等“推占”、禳祝的方法和知识,以推知生命状态、治病禁忌及禳祝疾病。

This article explained the connotations of ‘the law of yin and yang,and harmony in the number of arts’ in the Huangdi Neijing,illustrated the nature,principle,classification and main content of Shushu in the Han dynasties from the perspective of the knowledge hierarchy in the Han dynasties,and then analyzed the reasons of fusion of Shushu and Fangji in the Han dynasties and the contents of shushu in Huangdi Neijing.Huangdi Neijing is regarded as a significant literature of Fangji,and proposed ‘harmony in the number of arts’,which means the theory and technology of Shushu are adopted in Fangji.Huangdi Neijing,which influenced by the historical factors of homology of wu medicine and the concepts in the Han dynasties,introduced Xingdu,Lishu,Fengjue,Zhanmeng,Xiangshu,Yanhecirang in Shushu,the method and knowledge of Rangzhu to guess life condition,therapeutic taboo and pray for patients with words and amulets.