基于磺化杯芳烃的莲子心中生物碱类成分辅助提取工艺优化研究

Study on extraction technology for alkaloids from Nelumbinis Plumula assisted with p-sulfonatocalix[n] arenes

目的:优化莲子心在磺化杯6芳烃(SC6A)或磺化杯8芳烃(SC8A)辅助下的提取工艺条件,并验证莲子心中主要生物碱类成分与SC6A、SC8A的选择性键合作用。方法:以莲心碱、异莲心碱和甲基莲心碱为指标,采用单因素结合正交设计优化确证最佳药材提取工艺;荧光竞争滴定法测定生物碱与SC6A、SC8A的键合常数并采用核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)对代表性键合物进行结构表征以验证键合作用。结果:与传统水提工艺比较,SC6A辅助提取可分别增加莲子心中莲心碱、异莲心碱和甲基莲心碱的提取效率2.52、2.04、2.12倍,SC8A辅助提取可分别增加2.49、2.14、2.13倍。SC6A、SC8A与3种生物碱均为1∶1键合比例。结论:SC6A、SC8A可用于莲子心中生物碱类成分的提取,能显著提高提取效率且工艺简单、安全、环保。

Objective:In this study,p-sulfonatocalix[6] arenes(SC6A) and p-sulfonatocalix[8] arenes(SC8A) were used to assist extraction of alkaloids from Nelumbinis Plumula,and the extraction process were optimized.The selective bonding interaction between SC6A/SC8A and alkaloids were also verified.Methods:Single factor test and orthogonal experiment were adopted to optimize and confirm the optimal extraction conditions of medicinal materials using liensinine,isoliensinine and neferine as the evaluation indicators.The binding constants between alkaloids and SC6A,SC8A were determined by competitive fluorescence titration,and the structure of representative binding compounds was characterized by 1H-NMR to verify the binding effect.Results:The extraction efficiency of liensinine,isoliensinine,neferine were increased 2.52,2.04,2.12 times with SC6A and 2.49,2.14,2.13 times with SC8A respectively compared with traditional extraction process of aqueous solution.In addition,three alkaloids and SC6A,SC8A formed host-guest complexes at a molar ratio of 1∶1.Conclusion:SC6A,SC8A assisted extraction of alkaloids from Nelumbinis Plumula was an eco-friendly,simple,safe and effective extraction method.