环境样品中PAHs衍生物的前处理及分析方法研究进展

Research progress on pretreatment and analysis methods of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives in environmental samples

多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon,PAHs)衍生物主要是由木材、化石燃料、有机高分子化合物不完全燃烧以及母体PAHs在一定条件下转化产生,是具有持久性有机污染物特征的一类污染物质.与母体PAHs相比,其赋存浓度虽然更低,但具有较母体更高的毒性,因此建立高效以及高灵敏度的PAHs衍生物前处理和分析方法具有重要的意义.随着检测技术的飞速发展,针对不同基质中各PAHs衍生物已经开发出一些较为可靠和新型的分析技术,但尚未有系统且全面综述PAHs衍生物的前处理以及分析方法的工作.本文综述了近年来环境样品(水体、固体、生物体)中PAHs衍生物的最新研究进展,介绍了被广泛运用到实际样品中的前处理技术(萃取、净化)、分析方法及其方法优化等方面的实例,并且对现有技术的性能进行了比较,提出了当前方法存在的缺陷,最后对未来的研究方向进行了展望.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) derivatives are mainly produced by incomplete combustion of wood,fossil fuels,organic polymer compounds and the conversion of parent PAHs under certain conditions,which is type of pollutant with persistent organic pollutants ’(POPs)characteristics.Compared with the parent PAHs,although the concentration of the PAHs derivatives is lower,they have higher toxicity.Therefore,it is of great significance to establish efficient and sensitive PAHs derivatives pretreatment and analysis methods.With the rapid development of detection technology,some more reliable and new analytical techniques have been developed for various PAHs derivatives in different matrices,but there has not been a systematic and comprehensive review of the pretreatment and analysis methods of PAHs derivatives.This study reviews the developments of PAHs derivatives in environmental samples(water,solid,biological)studied in recent years,introduces examples of pre-processing(extraction,purification),analysis methods and optimization measures that are widely used in actual samples,and evaluates the performance of existing technologies.After comparing,put forward the shortcomings of the current method,and finally look forward to the future research direction.