摘要
地质-工程一体化理念和做法已广泛应用于非常规油气藏勘探开发,贯穿井位地质设计、钻井、完井、压裂投产全过程,但不同阶段和不同地质条件下侧重点有所差异。在涪陵页岩气田开发成功引进并完善了北美非常规地质-工程一体化压裂技术,但这一技术在新区探井压裂中的推广存在局限性。由于四川盆地沉积和构造类型具多样性和复杂性,盆地内非常规气探井的压裂测试无法获得工业气流现象突出,相邻或同一区块探井或评价井压裂产量差异大,主要原因是甜点的裂缝和地应力等地质-工程关键参数三维定量表征及建模精度不够,针对性的分段分簇、压裂优化设计及布缝控缝定量模拟技术手段欠缺。系统总结了地质-工程一体化团队在四川盆地复杂致密气和页岩气探井及评价井压裂方面的实践经验,通过开展地质、测井、地震、工程等多专业联合研究,定量表征非常规储层空间展布、物性、含气性、岩石力学及矿物含量、地层压力、应力场、天然裂缝等关键参数,建立了区域气藏三维地质-工程模型,利用模型进行压裂裂缝空间扩展模拟,优化射孔、暂堵、压裂液、支撑剂、排量等工艺参数,及时跟踪分析和调整必要的现场施工参数,从而增加有效改造体积、提高单井产能,探索并形成了地质-工程一体化压裂技术体系及方法流程,在普光千佛崖组致密气和林滩场页岩气等探区应用效果显著,为类似油气藏地质-工程一体化勘探与开发提供借鉴。
The concept of engineering integrated with geology originated and prevailing in North America has also been accepted and put into practice during the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas in the rest of the world.It runs through the whole process that starts with well design,drilling and completion,and ends with fracturing and production,only with focus shifting along the way in adaptation to different geological conditions and exploration or development stages.The introduction of the integrated geology-reservoir engineering approach to fracturing in the Fuling shale gas field in Sichuan Basin has been quite fruitful except for some restrictions frequently felt during exploration activities in some frontier blocks.Due to the diversity and complexity of sedimentary and tectonics in the Sichuan Basin,exploratory/appraisal wells after fracturing are tested with greatly varying results(mostly with low gas flow)even if they are located in the same block or arranged closely to one another.This might be explained by an insufficient accuracy of 3D quantitative characterization and models for key geological engineering parameters such as fractures and in-situ stress in sweet spots,and a lack of adaptive quantitative simulation technologies such as optimal fracturing stage/cluster division,fracture geometry optimization and fracturing process control.This paper systematically summarizes the experiences of an integrated geological-reservoir engineering team gained during fracturing practice in exploratory and appraisal wells for tight gas and shale gas in the Sichuan basin.Their work includes a 3D geo-engineering model of regional unconventional gas reservoirs built with key parameters of geology and engineering such as spatial reservoir distribution,physical properties,gas content,rock mechanics,in-situ stress field,initial formation pressure,mineral contents and natural fractures based on multi-discipline collaboration of geology,well-logging,seismic survey and engineering.Furthermore,the team carried out a fracture propagation simulation based on the model and formed a specific integrative technology series and workflow that could enhance SRV and single well production through tracing and optimization of perforation and diversion parameters,fracturing fluid and proppant volume as well as pumping rate.The implementation of the approach in developing tight gas from the Qianfoya Formation,Puguang Gas field and shale gas from Lintanchang Block in the basin has been proven successful,thus providing a reference for the development of similar unconventional reservoirs.
作者
王光付
李凤霞
王海波
李军
张宏
周彤
商晓飞
潘林华
沈云琦
Wang Guangfu;Li Fengxia;Wang Haibo;Li Jun;Zhang Hong;Zhou Tong;Shang Xiaofei;Pan Linhua;Shen Yunqi(Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 102206,China;State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development,Beijing 102206,China;Key Laboratory of Shale Gas/Oil Exploration&Production,SINOPEC,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《石油与天然气地质》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期1221-1237,共17页
Oil & Gas Geology
基金
中国石油化工股份有限公司科技部项目(P21039-3)。
关键词
三维地质工程模型
压裂优化
天然裂缝
地质-工程一体化
致密气
页岩气
四川盆地
3D geo-engineering model
fracturing optimization
natural fracture
geology-reservoir engineering integration
tight gas
shale gas
Sichuan Basin