城乡数字鸿沟会阻碍农村居民消费结构升级吗?——基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据的分析

Will the Urban-rural Digital Divide Hinder the Upgrading of Rural Residents’Consumption Structure——Analysis Based on China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)Data

由于城乡二元经济结构的长期存在,数字经济的发展在为居民带来数字红利的同时也导致了城乡数字鸿沟的出现,对农村居民的消费产生深远影响。本文构建了城乡数字鸿沟指标体系,利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,检验了城乡数字鸿沟对农村居民消费结构升级的影响。研究发现:第一,城乡数字鸿沟会阻碍农村居民消费结构升级,且城乡数字鸿沟的分维度中接入沟的阻碍作用强于使用沟,意识沟的作用不显著;第二,城乡数字鸿沟通过扩大城乡收入差距和数字技能差异对农村居民的消费结构升级产生显著的负向影响,且在这一过程中数字经济发展水平提升起到显著的负向调节效应;第三,异质性分析表明城乡数字鸿沟对农村居民发展型和享受型消费具有阻碍作用,且对前者的阻碍作用弱于后者;相较于高收入群体,城乡数字鸿沟对低收入群体消费结构升级的负向影响程度更大。

Due to the long-term existence of urban-rural dual economic structure,the development of digital economy not only brings digital dividends to residents,but also leads to the emergence of urban-rural digital divide,which has a far-reaching impact on the consumption of rural residents.This paper constructs an index system of urban-rural digital divide,and uses the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)to test the impact of urban-rural digital divide on the upgrading of rural residents’consumption structure.The results show that:first,the urban-rural digital divide will hinder the upgrading of rural residents’consumption structure,and the blocking effect of access gap is stronger than use gap in the sub dimension of urban-rural digital divide,but the effect of consciousness gap is not significant;Second,the urban-rural digital divide has a significant negative impact on the upgrading of rural residents’consumption structure by expanding the urban-rural income gap and digital skills difference,and plays a significant negative regulatory effect on the improvement of the development level of digital economy in this process;Third,the heterogeneity analysis shows that the urban-rural digital divide hinders the development and enjoyment consumption of rural residents,and the hindering effect of the former is weaker than that of the latter;and compared with high-income groups,the urban-rural digital divide has a greater negative impact on the upgrading of consumption structure of low-income groups.