平台经济反垄断规制——基于数据产权立法的策略

Anti-monopoly Regulation of Platform Economy——Strategies Based on Data Property Rights Legislations

当前社会已进入数字经济时代,数据成为提高生产力的新型生产要素,同时也成为以其为核心生产要素的平台企业相互竞争的重要资源。一些大型平台企业在数据竞争市场中逐渐呈现出垄断的特征,以算法共谋为典型特征的垄断协议、经营者集中以及滥用市场地位的现象层出不穷,既是对数字经济健康发展的威胁,也是对消费者福利的消解。平台企业的垄断肇因在于数据产权立法的缺失,对数据产权的界定不清导致数据成为平台企业的私有财产,由此引发垄断等一系列问题。因此,在对当前平台企业的垄断现状的认知以及数据产权的界定的基础上,从数据产权立法策略出发,厘清数据产权归属,寻求构建完善、规范明晰、科学高效、公平正义的数据产权法律体系,以期对当前平台反垄断有所裨益。

At present,the society has entered the era of digital economy,and data has become a new production factor to improve productivity,and also become an important resource for platform enterprises to compete with each other.Some large platform enterprises gradually show the characteristics of monopoly in the data competition market.Monopoly agreements,concentration of operators and abuse of market position,typically characterized by algorithmic conspiracy,is not only a threat to the healthy development of digital economy but also a dissipation of consumer welfare.The monopoly of platform enterprises is caused by the lack of legislation on data property rights.The unclear definition of data property rights leads to the data becoming the private property of platform enterprises,which leads to a series of problems such as monopoly.Therefore,on the basis of the cognition of the current monopoly status of platform enterprises and the definition of data property rights,starting from the legislative strategy of data property rights,clarify the ownership of data property rights,seek to build a perfect,standardized,scientific,efficient,fair and just data property rights legal system,in order to benefit the current anti-monopoly platform.