留守经历对大学生竞争倾向的影响

Influence of Left Behind Experience on College Students’ Competitive Tendency

基于PSCUS数据,构建Probit回归模型,分析了留守经历对大学生竞争倾向的影响。Probit回归方程结果显示,2个自变量、10个控制变量中,X(留守经历)在0.05水平上显著负向影响大学生的竞争倾向,X(年龄)、X(理想单位类型)、X(学习成绩)、X(父亲学历)和X(家庭月收入)在0.01水平上显著正向影响大学生的竞争倾向。说明有留守经历大学生的竞争倾向显著低于无留守经历大学生;年龄越大、工作单位越理想、学习成绩越好、家庭收入越高,其竞争倾向越强烈。异质性分析结果表明,留守经历对独生子女大学生、非独生子女大学生均产生负向影响,且在0.1水平上对独生子女大学生具有显著性;留守经历对不同年级大学生的竞争倾向均产生负向影响,且在0.05水平上显著负向影响二、三年级大学生的竞争倾向。提出放宽流动人口落户政策,切实保障流动人口子女能够享受平等教育的权利;积极引导学校针对留守儿童开设心理辅导课程,使得儿童建立健全人格特征;引导流动人口给予子女更多的关怀与关注,培养儿童勇敢面对挫折与失败的积极心态,树立正确的竞争意识的对策建议。

Based on PSCUS data,the Probit regression equation is constructed to analyze the influence of left behind experience on college students’ competitive tendency. The results of Probit regression equation shows that among the 2 independent variables and 10 control variables,X(left behind experience) significantly negatively affects college students’ competitive tendency of at the level of 0.05. X(age),X(ideal employer type),X(academic performance),X(father’s education background),and X(family monthly income) have significant positive influence on college students’ competitive tendency at 0.01 le vel. This indicates that the competitive tendency of left behind college students is significantly lower than that of students without left behind experience.The older they are,the more ideal their work units are,the better their academic performance is,the higher their family income is,the more competitive they are. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that left behind experience has a negative impact on both the only-child and non-only-child college students, and it has a signifi cant impact on the only-child college students at the level of 0.1. Left behind experience has a negative influence on the competitive tendency of college students of different grades,and at the level of 0.05,it has a significant negative influence on the competitive tendency of college students of second and third grades. The countermeasures and suggestions are proposed including relaxing the settlement policy of floating population and effectively ensuring the children of floating population enjoying the right to equal education, actively guiding schools to set up psychological counseling courses for left behind children and enabling children to establish sound personality characteristics, guiding the floating population to give more care and attention to their children, cultivating children’s positive attitude of bravely facing setbacks and failures,and establishing a correct sense of competition.